{"id":9261,"date":"2016-05-27T09:20:12","date_gmt":"2016-05-27T07:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/?p=9261"},"modified":"2020-01-10T12:27:26","modified_gmt":"2020-01-10T11:27:26","slug":"formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow","status":"publish","type":null,"link":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/","title":{"rendered":"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem „formu\u0142y handlowe”. Tym bardziej, \u017ce ustawodawca nakazuje, by na fakturach sta\u0142o jak „czarno na bia\u0142ym”, czy rozliczamy si\u0119 wed\u0142ug np. FOB, EXW, CIF<\/a>, czy CFR, itp.<\/p>\n

Te trzyliterowe skr\u00f3ty to w\u0142a\u015bnie formu\u0142y handlowe, funkcjonuj\u0105ce w mi\u0119dzynarodowym obrocie towarowym i znajduj\u0105ce si\u0119 w zbiorze regu\u0142 Incoterms 2010 (pisali\u015bmy o tym w Incoterms 2010<\/a>). Jest ich w sumie 11 i okre\u015blaj\u0105 warunki dostaw<\/strong>, tzn. precyzyjnie ujmuj\u0105 jak sprzedaj\u0105cy i kupuj\u0105cy dziel\u0105 si\u0119 obowi\u0105zkami, kosztami i – co ma kapitalne znaczenie! – ryzykiem za transportowany \u0142adunek, tzn. w kt\u00f3rym momencie procesu spedycyjnego przechodzi z jednej strony kontraktu na drug\u0105 i w jakim zakresie.<\/p>\n

Co prawda na blogu SEAOO.COM<\/a> poszczeg\u00f3lne formu\u0142y handlowe ju\u017c przerabiali\u015bmy, ale… No w\u0142a\u015bnie, okazuje si\u0119, \u017ce je\u015bli nie przy\u0142o\u017cymy nale\u017cytej wagi do ich zrozumienia podczas transakcji, mo\u017ce si\u0119 zdarzy\u0107, \u017ce obudzimy si\u0119 z r\u0119k\u0105 w nocniku. Czytaj: wy\u017cszymi ni\u017c pierwotnie zak\u0142adali\u015bmy kosztami.<\/p>\n

W SEAOO.COM w transporcie morskim, w imporcie zalecamy\u00a0FOB<\/em> (Free on Board – na statek) – zreszt\u0105 kalkulator na witrynie SEAOO.COM wycenia w\u0142a\u015bnie w tej formule. W przypadku FOB \u0142adunek traktowany jest jako dostarczony po za\u0142adunku na statek w macierzystym porcie sprzedaj\u0105cego. Ten ostatni ponosi obowi\u0105zek zorganizowania transportu, poniesienia op\u0142at celnych i portowych przy za\u0142adunku; kupuj\u0105cego obci\u0105\u017caj\u0105 wszelkie koszta, kt\u00f3re musi ui\u015bci\u0107 od chwili za\u0142adunku;<\/p>\n

Zdecydowanie wi\u0119cej powinno\u015bci ci\u0105\u017cy na kupuj\u0105cym, je\u015bli obie strony przyjm\u0105 formu\u0142\u0105 EXW<\/em> (ex works – od zak\u0142adu). Odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107 sprzedaj\u0105cego ko\u0144czy si\u0119 w momencie wystawienia przesy\u0142ki do dyspozycji na magazynie. Przy jej zastosowaniu kupuj\u0105cy organizuje ca\u0142y transport i ponosi koszty. Zobowi\u0105zany si\u0119 tak\u017ce do dokonania odprawy celnej eksportowej. Jako, \u017ce bywa to k\u0142opotliwe firmy spedycyjne, w tym SEAOO.COM, oferuja us\u0142ugi swoich agent\u00f3w \u00a0z kraju eksportera, zajmuj\u0105cych si\u0119 organizacj\u0105 odcinka od magazynu dostawcy do portu za\u0142adunku.<\/p>\n

Na podobne niuanse warto zwraca\u0107 uwag\u0119 tak\u017ce przy stosowanych w eksporcie formu\u0142ach CIF<\/em> (cost, insurance, freight – koszt, ubezpieczenie, przew\u00f3z) i CFR<\/em> (cost and freight – koszt i przew\u00f3z). Nie miejsce tu, by szczeg\u00f3\u0142owo opisywa\u0107 mechanizm dzia\u0142ania poszczeg\u00f3lnych formu\u0142. \u00a0Rzecz w tym, by w por\u0119 doceni\u0107 ich znaczenie i nie da\u0107 si\u0119 wpu\u015bci\u0107 w maliny z dodatkowymi kosztami za organizacj\u0119 transportu.<\/p>\n

U\u015bwiadomienie sobie ich wagi pozwoli unikn\u0105\u0107 niepotrzebnych nieporozumie\u0144 i rozczarowa\u0144 w kontaktach ze spedytorem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem „formu\u0142y handlowe”. Tym bardziej, \u017ce ustawodawca nakazuje, by na fakturach sta\u0142o jak „czarno na bia\u0142ym”, czy rozliczamy si\u0119 wed\u0142ug np. FOB, EXW, CIF, czy CFR, itp. Te trzyliterowe skr\u00f3ty to w\u0142a\u015bnie formu\u0142y handlowe, funkcjonuj\u0105ce w mi\u0119dzynarodowym obrocie towarowym i znajduj\u0105ce …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9269,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[160],"tags":[652,17,71],"class_list":["post-9261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-incoterms","tag-formuly-handlowe","tag-incoterms","tag-spedytor"],"_wp_page_template":null,"_publicize_pending":null,"publicize_twitter_user":null,"_wpas_done_4647298":null,"_publicize_done_external":null,"_wpas_skip_4647132":null,"_wpas_skip_4647298":null,"_wp_attached_file":null,"_wp_attachment_metadata":null,"publicize_facebook_url":null,"publicize_twitter_url":null,"_wpas_mess":null,"_wpas_done_4647132":null,"_menu_item_type":null,"_menu_item_menu_item_parent":null,"_menu_item_object_id":null,"_menu_item_object":null,"_menu_item_target":null,"_menu_item_classes":null,"_menu_item_xfn":null,"_menu_item_url":null,"_ht_post_sidebar":null,"_ht_post_view_single":null,"_ht_pf_gallery_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_gallery_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_image_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_image_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_video_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_video_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_audio_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_audio_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_quote_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_quote_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_link_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_link_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_status_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_status_post_excerpt":null,"_ht_pf_chat_post_title":null,"_ht_pf_chat_post_excerpt":null,"_thumbnail_id":"9269","_ht_page_sidebar":null,"_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem \"formu\u0142y handlowe\"","_yoast_wpseo_title":null,"snap_MYURL":null,"snapEdIT":null,"_oembed_40f0523be0a7cccf82a74e2f32216081":null,"_wp_attachment_image_alt":null,"_ht_pf_chat_transcript":null,"_wp_attachment_context":null,"_wp_attachment_is_custom_background":null,"vw_page_sidebar_position":null,"vw_page_sidebar":null,"_oembed_9ed160af28102b6bdd391f41932dcc1e":null,"_oembed_a152c1b5cf649707d71c4dc1e001ab46":null,"_oembed_96052fc1555c5ff28552dcab1f093f93":null,"_oembed_04617823c1cd81d8e270b89858c3c976":null,"pricing-portal":"seaoo","pricing-direction":"import","pricing-display":null,"pricing-loc-seaoo-from":"GBABD","pricing-loc-seaoo-to":"GBABD","pricing-loc-airoo-from":"GBABZ","pricing-loc-airoo-to":"GBABZ","_oembed_5826bee7bef20410a694d40ce147eef9":null,"_oembed_cb5ff4df5c58b863a22d717f61ae2222":null,"vw_review_average_score":null,"_oembed_22941a9ba18bf216b8e799dc7448b799":null,"_oembed_31d7ad9924683d0ff76869709112302a":null,"_wp_attachment_backup_sizes":null,"_oembed_fe7201a85d41d1efe41e3c08d343bfab":null,"_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"","notification_id":null,"dismissable":null,"location":null,"plugins":null,"theme":null,"version":null,"viewed":null,"expiration":null,"plans":null,"_wp_old_date":null,"_oembed_fafe56e0b77285f5fcbedc7b62efa776":null,"_oembed_time_fafe56e0b77285f5fcbedc7b62efa776":null,"_oembed_d5120d5da509e3a3d1457419a46a5798":null,"_oembed_time_d5120d5da509e3a3d1457419a46a5798":null,"_oembed_8be25414c9757d6d1a5031853cf9edc6":null,"_oembed_time_8be25414c9757d6d1a5031853cf9edc6":null,"_oembed_e3a222bedb373e3cbf93463247d41816":null,"_oembed_time_e3a222bedb373e3cbf93463247d41816":null,"_oembed_d2b84c4ea49ad59327a86d82d2fae4eb":null,"_oembed_time_d2b84c4ea49ad59327a86d82d2fae4eb":null,"_oembed_7960862450f372b9a46e65a320186142":null,"_oembed_time_7960862450f372b9a46e65a320186142":null,"_oembed_394fa6bf4c2c108194ccf0c1290af63c":null,"_oembed_time_394fa6bf4c2c108194ccf0c1290af63c":null,"_oembed_9f5b0f4967f26614958b90617a0744a9":null,"_oembed_time_9f5b0f4967f26614958b90617a0744a9":null,"_oembed_75876e4b052b61efd46ec06cea5979f6":null,"_oembed_time_75876e4b052b61efd46ec06cea5979f6":null,"_oembed_bb243f28bfeccdf6f6ec824596c9dbf1":null,"_oembed_time_bb243f28bfeccdf6f6ec824596c9dbf1":null,"_oembed_3369660868a071a94e0d2b99f83b80e0":null,"_oembed_time_3369660868a071a94e0d2b99f83b80e0":null,"_oembed_8e721a0b9beb9d6b6d38f4022c7d676e":null,"_oembed_time_8e721a0b9beb9d6b6d38f4022c7d676e":null,"_yoast_wpseo_keywordsynonyms":null,"_wp_attachment_wp_user_avatar":null,"_yst_prominent_words_version":null,"_wp_to_buffer_error":null,"snap_isAutoPosted":null,"_snap_forceSURL":null,"snapGMB":null,"snapFB":null,"snapIG":null,"snapPN":null,"snapLI":null,"classic-editor-remember":null,"_gtm_vars":[],"wp-smpro-smush-data":null,"wp-smush-lossy":null,"wp-smush-pngjpg_savings":null,"wp-smush-resize_savings":null,"_handles":null,"_handle_urls":null,"_handle_versions":null,"_extra":null,"_args":null,"_type":null,"_dont_minify":null,"_dont_combine":null,"_dont_enqueue":null,"_defer":null,"_inline":null,"_handle_dependencies":null,"_handle_original_sizes":null,"_handle_compressed_sizes":null,"_hash":null,"_file_id":null,"_url":null,"_path":null,"_expires":null,"_snapPHST":null,"snapTW":null,"_nxs_slinks":null,"_edit_lock":"1578655516:19","_edit_last":"19","authorsure_include_css":null,"authorsure_hide_author_box":null,"_yoast_wpseo_linkdex":"77","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"formu\u0142y handlowe","_wp_old_slug":null,"vw_post_featured":"0","vw_post_layout":"classic","vw_enable_review":"0","ks_metadata":{"lang":"pl","keywords":"","keywords_autoupdate":0,"description":"","description_autoupdate":0,"title":"","robots":"index,follow"},"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":null,"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":"30","_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":null,"vw_sidebar_position":"default","_vw_sidebar_position":"field_58ea588e19086","vw_sidebar":"blog-sidebar","_vw_sidebar":"field_58ea58b719087","_vw_post_featured":"field_57bac52e59c3d","vw_tagline":"","_vw_tagline":"field_57bac51c59c3c","_vw_post_layout":"field_57d7d0ef2aa96","_vw_enable_review":"field_57f75ea435727","composer_blocks_0_number":null,"_composer_blocks_0_number":null,"composer_blocks_0_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_0_categories":null,"composer_blocks_0_exclude_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_0_exclude_categories":null,"composer_blocks_0_posts_order":null,"_composer_blocks_0_posts_order":null,"composer_blocks_0_layout":null,"_composer_blocks_0_layout":null,"composer_blocks_1_supertitle":null,"_composer_blocks_1_supertitle":null,"composer_blocks_1_title":null,"_composer_blocks_1_title":null,"composer_blocks_1_subtitle":null,"_composer_blocks_1_subtitle":null,"composer_blocks_1_lead_layout":null,"_composer_blocks_1_lead_layout":null,"composer_blocks_1_layout":null,"_composer_blocks_1_layout":null,"composer_blocks_1_number":null,"_composer_blocks_1_number":null,"composer_blocks_1_offset":null,"_composer_blocks_1_offset":null,"composer_blocks_1_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_1_categories":null,"composer_blocks_1_exclude_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_1_exclude_categories":null,"composer_blocks_1_posts_order":null,"_composer_blocks_1_posts_order":null,"composer_blocks_1_pagination":null,"_composer_blocks_1_pagination":null,"composer_blocks_1_sidebar":null,"_composer_blocks_1_sidebar":null,"composer_blocks":null,"_composer_blocks":null,"composer_blocks_2_number":null,"_composer_blocks_2_number":null,"composer_blocks_2_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_2_categories":null,"composer_blocks_2_exclude_categories":null,"_composer_blocks_2_exclude_categories":null,"composer_blocks_2_posts_order":null,"_composer_blocks_2_posts_order":null,"composer_blocks_2_layout":null,"_composer_blocks_2_layout":null,"yoast_head":"\nFormu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem "formu\u0142y handlowe"\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem "formu\u0142y handlowe"\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-05-27T07:20:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-10T11:27:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@seaoocom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@seaoocom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/\",\"name\":\"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-05-27T07:20:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-01-10T11:27:26+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/59e2e43a3e05c3fb73eeb22e84af69fd\"},\"description\":\"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem \\\"formu\u0142y handlowe\\\"\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600,\"caption\":\"Formu\u0142y handlowe\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Seaoo.com | Blog\",\"description\":\"Blog - Transport morski, lotniczy, spedycja\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/59e2e43a3e05c3fb73eeb22e84af69fd\",\"name\":\"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Pawel_Rogalski-150x150.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Pawel_Rogalski-150x150.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski\"},\"description\":\"Pasjonat wszystkiego, co zwi\u0105zane z gospodark\u0105 morsk\u0105, absolwent Uniwersytetu Gda\u0144skiego, dawniej dziennikarz TVP Gda\u0144sk, a ostatnio zwi\u0105zany z sektorem finansowym. Gda\u0144szczanin z urodzenia, ale w r\u00f3wnym stopniu zafascynowany histori\u0105 gdy\u0144skiego portu. Sympatii dla obu miast daje wyraz jako licencjonowany przewodnik wycieczek po Tr\u00f3jmie\u015bcie; mi\u0142o\u015bnik domowego warzenia piwa.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/author\/pawelrogalski\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog","description":"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem \"formu\u0142y handlowe\"","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog","og_description":"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem \"formu\u0142y handlowe\"","og_url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/","og_site_name":"\u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog","article_published_time":"2016-05-27T07:20:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-01-10T11:27:26+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@seaoocom","twitter_site":"@seaoocom","twitter_misc":{"Napisane przez":"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski","Szacowany czas czytania":"2 minuty"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/","url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/","name":"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w? - \u2705 Seaoo.com | Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg","datePublished":"2016-05-27T07:20:12+00:00","dateModified":"2020-01-10T11:27:26+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/59e2e43a3e05c3fb73eeb22e84af69fd"},"description":"Formu\u0142y handlowe. Importuj\u0105c lub eksportuj\u0105c towar drog\u0105 morsk\u0105, lepiej uzbroi\u0107 si\u0119 w znajomo\u015b\u0107 czego\u015b, co okre\u015blamy mianem \"formu\u0142y handlowe\"","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/blog_851.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"caption":"Formu\u0142y handlowe"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/formuly-handlowe-czyli-jak-uniknac-kosztow\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Formu\u0142y handlowe, czyli jak unikn\u0105\u0107 koszt\u00f3w?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/","name":"Seaoo.com | Blog","description":"Blog - Transport morski, lotniczy, spedycja","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/59e2e43a3e05c3fb73eeb22e84af69fd","name":"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Pawel_Rogalski-150x150.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Pawel_Rogalski-150x150.jpg","caption":"Pawe\u0142 Rogalski"},"description":"Pasjonat wszystkiego, co zwi\u0105zane z gospodark\u0105 morsk\u0105, absolwent Uniwersytetu Gda\u0144skiego, dawniej dziennikarz TVP Gda\u0144sk, a ostatnio zwi\u0105zany z sektorem finansowym. Gda\u0144szczanin z urodzenia, ale w r\u00f3wnym stopniu zafascynowany histori\u0105 gdy\u0144skiego portu. Sympatii dla obu miast daje wyraz jako licencjonowany przewodnik wycieczek po Tr\u00f3jmie\u015bcie; mi\u0142o\u015bnik domowego warzenia piwa.","url":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/author\/pawelrogalski\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9261"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9261\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23926,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9261\/revisions\/23926"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.seaoo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}